image by :https://os8thsoth.wikispaces.com/European+ExplorationJacques Cartier (December 31, 1491–September 1, 1557) was a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France .He was the first European to describe and map [ 1 ] the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River , which he named "The Country of Canadas ", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island) .
In 1534, Cartier set sail under a commission from the king, hoping to discover a western passage to the wealthy markets of Asia.Starting on May 10 of that year, he explored parts of Newfoundland, the areas now the Canadian Atlantic provinces and the Gulf of St. Lawrence.During one stop at Îles aux Oiseaux (Islands of the Birds, now the Rochers-aux-Oiseaux federal bird sanctuary , northeast of Brion Island in the Magdalen Islands ), his crew slaughtered around 1000 birds, most of them great auks (now extinct).Cartier's first encounter with aboriginal peoples in Canada , most likely the Mi'kmaq , was brief; some trading occurred.
His First voyage, 1534
In 1532, the year the Duchy of Brittany was formally united with France in the Edict of Union , Cartier was introduced to King Francis I by Jean le Veneur , bishop of Saint-Malo and abbot of Mont-Saint-Michel , at the Manoir de Brion .The king had previously invited (although not formally commissioned) the Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano to explore the eastern coast of North America on behalf of France in 1524.Cartier is believed to have accompanied da Verrazzano on this expedition, which explored the coast from South Carolina to Nova Scotia , and islands such as Newfoundland ; on another voyage they went to Brazil .Le Veneur cited these voyages to Newfoundland and Brazil as proof of Cartier's ability to "lead ships to the discovery of new lands in the New World".
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